Alba territory shows a stratigraphic sequence rich of geological formations which give a proof of the continuous sedimentation process in seas and lagoon from Oligocene to Late Pliocene, in which from the foot of Alps chain primitive Padana Plain edges move forward.
Physical conformation and grade of geological layers influeces Langhe morphology, sides stability and undergrowth freshness.
Meteoric water (i.e. Rain, melting snow) goes down through permeable layers (A) until waterproof marl blocks (B) on which it slides creating phreatics aquifers (C ); these can liberally surface thc North west side (dip slope), giving origin to source (D), or can be picked up into wells (E).
When liquid layer becomes wide and strong, marls surfaces become slimy as soap, creating giant slipways no more capable to hold overhead masses, which thus slide on these lubricated inclined planes, causing impressive landslides (F).
South-East side (anti dip slope) is steeper but more stable and dry both because layers direct water into the opposite side and greater exposure to sun and wind.
Sedimental rocks
Sediments that are collected at the bottom of the sea underwent particular physical and chemical environmental conditions (i.e. Overhead sediments, temperature changes; circulating water, organic contents) and there are many modifications (compression, cementation, recrystallization, etc.) which are under the name of Diagenesis, giving origins to sedimentary rocks.
The main types of sedimentary rocks are sands, sandstone, conglomerates and calays; these last are divided on account of their limestone content (0-10% clay, 10-35% marl clay, 35-65% marl, 65-90% marly limestone, 90-100% limestone).
All Alba territory soils have a sedimentary origin.